High Levels Of Domestic Violence - 1781 Words

High Levels of Domestic Violence in Athletes The National Football League has recently highlighted the problem of domestic violence. However, this is a problem that has long since been an issue. It is not only an issue in the NFL, professional sports, or even sports in general, but a problem for the whole world. The athletic world has seen an increase in violence in its players, which is a reason an athlete may experience more incidents. Through the media, the NFL has brought a great deal of attention to the subject. Athletes do experience a greater amount of cases involving violence because of issues dealing with anger, but this problem is bigger than just athletes. Many Researchers have studied the connect between athletes and†¦show more content†¦Mitch Abrams, who authored the book Anger Management in Sports, chalks up the violence issue in sports to coaches and players not being able to successfully deal with anger. Anger is not something that is practiced or even thought about until after there has been an issue. Anger is something that athletes in general should be able to deal with effectively, to prevent problems such as domestic violence, or any anger outbreak. Violence is a problem seen in many athletes including college athletes. A New Jersey sports phycologist talks about a study he performed with ten Division I schools. His study looked at ten Division I schools in which athletes make up three percent of the population. This three percent makes up nineteen percent of all domestic violence charges of the schools. These numbers are alarming because it shows a very small percentage of people being accountable for a relatively large number of cases. This shows that this is not just a problem within the NFL, but it involves people everywhere and athletes of all levels. The NFL has struggled in recent years with personal conduct cases, specifically domestic violence. Of all violent crimes committed in the NFL, fourty-eight percent are domestic violence cases. This is compared to thirteen percent nationwide. This shows that there is a certain draw to violent acts, specifically domestic violence, by NFL players. There

Lead Auditors Report on Iso 14001 and Ohsas 18001 Free Essays

Auditees : ____HO s and staff Department : IFC,FEM,HR,KESSB,SSHE,PBB,AH,PH/BS,CARGO ____Date of Audit : _____26TH Nov 2012 – 18th Dec 2012___ Procedure Involved : a) OSH Act 1994 relevant Regulations b) FM Act 1967 relevant Regulations (including BOWEC Reg. 1986) c) OHSAS 18001 Standard d) ISAGO Standards Manual Effective May 2010 2nd Edition e) EMS ISO 14001 StandardAudit Team : 1. En. We will write a custom essay sample on Lead Auditors Report on Iso 14001 and Ohsas 18001 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Meor Badrul Niza bin Ahmad Rafie – Dept :ILS 2. En Amir Syakib Yahya – Dept QAD 3, En. Abdul Razak Sauzi – Dept :QAD 4. En. Zainudin Zaini 5. Cik Nadiah Yahaya| SUMMARY OF AUDITBased on the observation made during this audit, it was noted that KLAS has made a good start-up at launching the OHSAS 18001 and EMS ISO 14001 campaign working towards certification of OHSAS 18001 in 2013 and EMS ISO 14001 in 2014 for example: 1) Workers on site are consistently wearing basic PPE such as Yellow/orange vest and Safety shoes. 2) Almost all workers on site have been SHE inducted. 3) Centralised Scheduled Waste store is provided at GSE workshop 4) Consistently and periodically carrying out SHE training such as ERT; Fire fighting and Chemical spill control. However, below are the key improvements that the KLAS team needs to address: 1) To ensure all and every machineries on site are registered before they are used and monthly inspected with upkeep and maintenance done to ensure they are fit to use . 2) Ensure the quality of the inspection carried out is in detail and not just for the sake of inspection. 3) Ensure Security personnel are trained on the Site SHE requirements and they assist by screening employees and give safety briefing to visitors entering the site . ) To ensure all chemical containers are labeled and each chemical shall have its own MSDS and each site shall have its own Chemical Register. The Chemical Register and MSDSs can be placed at the SHE Notice board for easy reference 5) To ensure the scheduled waste management and communication flow is refined and retuned between process owners and scheduled waste store keepers. 6) Accidents and incidents without forgetting near misses are given due attention and investigated t horoughly to prevent future accidents and incidents. ) Compliance to the legal and other requirement are addressed diligently and carefully to avoid unnecessary penalty or hefty summonses. AREA OF CONCERN 1. Ground handling equipments and machineries are in bad shape and require immediate upkeep and maintenance to prevent from accidents and incidents. 2. Manual work involving cargo manual lifting ,distribution and loading or unloading is rampant thus back support PPE is a must unless an engineering control tool is introduced to reduce manual labour. 3. BOMB threat emergency procedure has not been addressed and need to be included in the existing ERP procedure. NON CONFORMANCERefer to CAR listing. | RECOMMENDATIONAs an Auditor, I strongly believe that KLAS Team can excel better than what and where WE currently are and this can be further enhanced by a better and systematic SHE management. | Signature : †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. Date : †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Signature : †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ Date : †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. (Lead Auditor) (Quality Manager)| How to cite Lead Auditors Report on Iso 14001 and Ohsas 18001, Essay examples

The Naacp Essay Example For Students

The Naacp Essay The National Association of the Advancement of Colored PeopleAlmost 500,000 Americans of all races are members of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), the largest civil rights organization in the world and probably the largest secular citizens action agency in the nation. Founded in 1909, the NAACP is the oldest civil rights organization as well as the most powerful and the most respected today. The NAACP is the national spokesperson for black Americans and other minorities, and for those who support civil rights objectives in America. Organized in virtually every city and town where black Americans reside, the NAACP both articulates the grievances of black Americans and protects their rights by whatever legal means necessary (Join the NAACP). Many manners are used by the NAACP to accomplish their policy goals. Three such manners are grassroots activism, lobbying, and educating. Marches, protests, canvassing, phone calls, and demonstrations are only a few devices used by the NAACP in their fight for equal rights (McBride). In October 1998, NAACP President and CEO Kweisi Mfume and eighteen other activists were arrested during a mass demonstration to protest the â€Å"shameful and hypocritical record† of the Supreme Court Justices in hiring minority clerks. The protest was held in front of the U.S. Supreme Court in Washington, D.C., with the crowd shouting â€Å"No justice, no peace† (â€Å"Activists Arrested†). The Justices up to that point had hired only seven black Americans out of 428 clerks. Groups that participated in the demonstration included the National Bar Association, the United Auto Workers, the National Organization for Women, as well as many others (â€Å"Activists Arrested†). Mfume also participated in a protest rally March 18, 1999, in front of New York City’s Police Headquarters to decry the police killing o f 22-year-old Amadou Diallo, an unarmed immigrant, the previous month. Mfume was expecting â€Å"direct, immediate action by the White House, the U.S. Justice Department and the NY Mayor’s Office† (â€Å"NY Protest†). On November 9, 1999, Florida Governor Jeb Bush â€Å"empowered the Board of Regents and the Florida Legislature to do away with Affirmative Action† with the proposal of the One Florida Initiative (Haggard). A coalition of civil rights, labor, women’s rights, federal and state legislators, and religious leaders called for a March on Tallahassee in order to demonstrate the amount of support that affirmative action has in the state. This is only done following a 25-hour sit-in led by Florida State Senator Kendrick Meek and Representative Tony Hill January 18-19, 2000. That sit-in ended when Governor Bush agreed to three public hearings on his One Florida Initiative (Haggard). For Election Day 2000, the Data Retrieval Team (DART) became f oot canvassers. This team was composed of volunteers who walked from house to house putting up door hangers/sample ballots and trying to influence the people at the doors to vote (â€Å"Election†). The homes targeted were not only those of black Americans, but of other minorities as well (Hilary). Since 1914, the NAACP Legislative Report Card has functioned as a presentation of significant civil rights votes taken in the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. This Report Card is intended to supply citizens with insight into the general voting habits of their congressional representatives and delegations. The latest edition contains votes taken from the 106th Congress through July 10, 2000. The Report Card provides legislation descriptions from both Houses, whether it passed or failed, and whether the NAACP agreed with or opposed the legislation. It also lists all Senators and Representatives, whether they voted for or against the NAACP position on legislation, and a grade based on the percentage of percentage of votes in agreement with the NAACP. Not surprisingly, most Democrats got A’s or B’s, and Republicans got D’s or F’s. The NAACP Washington Bureau, the department that specializes in lobbying, is in charge of this Legislative Report Card (Hilary). Since becoming the bureau director in 1997, Hilary Shelton has been responsible for advocating the NAACP agenda in Congress. The Bureau releases testimony with reference to hearings on certain bills. For example, they published Harold McDougall’s testimony at a hearing about including multiracial categories in the United States Census. Shelton has been pushing Congress to pass the Traffic Stops Statistics Study Act introduced by Representative John Conyers (D-MI) as the first step to produce a â€Å"much-needed study† into the problem of police stopping drivers only because they are black Americans or some other ethnic minority (Hilary). He calls them â€Å"Driving While Black (DWB)† statistics (Hilary). One of the most recent example of lobbying done by the NAACP is the economic sanctions against South Carolina began January 1, 2000. Until the Confederate battle flag was removed from atop the Statehouse, removed from within the House and Senate Chambers, and relegated to a place of historical context only, the NAACP had its members and supporters—along with corporations, religious, and civic organizations—postpone or relocate vacations, family reunions, meetings, conventions, or workshops in the state. The Association feels that the flag represents â€Å"one of the most reprehensible aspects of American history† (Hilary). After losing well over $100 million in the tourism industry alone, the Confederate flag was moved, from the location where it had been since 1962, to an area near the South Carolina Confederate Soldiers Monument (McBride). After the hateful July 20, 2000 murder of Arthur â€Å"J.R.† Warren, an African-American, gay West Virginia resident, Hilary Shelton as well as Warren’s parents and a coalition of civil rights groups, met with U.S. Justice Department officials in Washington, D.C. Shelton spoke in strong favor of the Hate Crimes Prevention Act, which s uggests stronger penalties for persons who willfully injure anyone because of his or her race, color, religion, gender, national origin, or sexual orientation. As of now, the Hate Crimes Prevention Act is in serious jeopardy of being eliminated from the final version of the Department of Defense Appropriations bill. The local NAACP branch in West Virginia continues to monitor the case as well as work with the Warren family. The hearings for the two teenagers accused of the murder are not scheduled until late November and early December 2000 (Hilary). Innisfree introduction Essay3. â€Å"Election Day Instructions.† Voter Action Alert. October 2000. 6, 7, 13. 4. Hilary Shelton. Telephone Interview. 17 November 2000. 5. â€Å"The Law and You: Guidelines for Interacting with Law Enforcement Officials.† . 6. McBride, Fred. â€Å"Help with Assignment.† 13 November 2000. Personal Email. (14 November 2000). 7. National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Join the NAACP. . Baltimore. 8. Haggard, Christopher M. â€Å"Why March?† March on Tallahassee. (16 November 2000). Government Essays

The Main Memory System for a Computer Essay Example

The Main Memory System for a Computer Essay Memory is an important component of any computer. A part of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) of a computer, memory performs either of short-term or long-term storage functions. At a conceptual level, memory can either refer to the storage devices themselves (hard-drives, DVDs, etc) or to the data/information stored therein. The Random Access Memory (RAM) is the most important for the functioning of a computer, for it is essential for immediate and high-speed computing operations. But RAM has a limitation in terms of its capacity but the access time is very impressive. In contrast, secondary memory devices offer vast storage capacities for information with the trade-off being slow access time. Computer memory devices are mostly made of semiconductor circuits such as Integrated Circuits (ICs). The basic storage unit for semiconductor memory is called a cell which can store a unit of binary information (0 or 1). Cells are in turn part of memory words of lengths such as 1,2,4,8 so on. These words are characterized by two parameters – 1. their physical address within the device and 2. the data that they contain. The main memory of a computer can either be a volatile or non-volatile memory device. RAM is always a volatile memory and so is CPU cache. Whereas more static and long-term data are normally stored in non-volatile memory. Read Only Memory (ROM) and flash memory are good examples of non-volatile memory. Other examples include hard-disks, blu-ray optical discs, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on The Main Memory System for a Computer specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The Main Memory System for a Computer specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The Main Memory System for a Computer specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In order for a computer to function properly, the efficiency with which memory is managed is the key. The Operating System that is installed in the computer has sophisticated systems and procedures at place in dealing with memory. Each operating system (Windows, Linux, Mac, etc) works in its own fashion and has its share of pros and cons. If an Operating System (OS) is inefficient in managing memory it can lead to bugs, which can slow down the overall processing time of tasks. They can also lead to frequent overloads and crashes of user sessions. An inefficient memory management system will make the computer susceptible to malware and viruses as well. With respect to the Operating System’s handling of computer memory, Virtual Memory is part of the set-up. Various applications demand from the OS different memory requirements. The OS creates a virtual memory that dissociates the physical storage location of data from its conceptual processing. The ability of virtual memory to work across storage devices lends it flexibility and adaptability. As technology advances, the speed and capacity of memory devices also grow incrementally. Hence, these days even Personal Computers are enabled to handle complex and simultaneous processing requirements. Far from the primitive text-only basis of computer operations, modern computers play High Definition videos, high-integrity music and are also enabled to play multi-media streams through web-browsers. These impressive features are in large part enabled by vast memory capacity that functions at a rapid pace. But it should be kept in mind that memory in exclusion is of little value. What determines the real utility of memory is the ability of the Operating System and interfacing hardware to efficiently and optimally tap into its capacity. Reference: Arora, Ashok (2006). Foundations of Computer Science. Laxmi Publications. pp. 39–41. ISBN 8170089719 Memory is an important component of any computer. A part of the Central Processing Unit (CPU) of a computer, memory performs either of short-term or long-term storage functions. At a conceptual level, memory can either refer to the storage devices themselves (hard-drives, DVDs, etc) or to the data/information stored therein. The Random Access Memory (RAM) is the most important for the functioning of a computer, for it is essential for immediate and high-speed computing operations. But RAM has a limitation in terms of its capacity but the access time is very impressive. In contrast, secondary memory devices offer vast storage capacities for information with the trade-off being slow access time. Computer memory devices are mostly made of semiconductor circuits such as Integrated Circuits (ICs). The basic storage unit for semiconductor memory is called a cell which can store a unit of binary information (0 or 1). Cells are in turn part of memory words of lengths such as .

Human Dynamics-Motivation, Attitude, Perception Assignment Essay Example

Human Dynamics Human Dynamics-Motivation, Attitude, Perception Assignment Essay Human Dynamics-Motivation, Attitude, Perception Assignment Essay HUMAN DYNAMICS ASSIGNMENT-1 INTRODUCTION ATTITUDE:IS AN EVALUATIVE STATEMENTS OR JUDGEMENTS CONCERNING OBJECTS, PEOPLE OR EVENTS. It consists of following 3 components – * COGNITIVE COMPONENT OF ATTITUDE: It means opinion or belief segment of an attitude. * AFFECTIVE COMPONENT OF ATTITUDE: It means emotional or feeling segment of an attitude. * BEHAVIORAL COMPONENT OF ATTITUDE: It means an intention to behave in a certain way towards someone or something. Some of the major job attitudes are: * JOB SATISFACTION * JOB INVOLVEMENT * ORGANIZATIONAL COMMITMENT PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT * EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT PERSONALITY: IT CAN BE DESCRIBED AS SUM TOTAL WAYS IN WHICH AN INDIVIDUAL REACTS AND INTERACTS WITH OTHERS. Personality can be of two major types : type-A, type-B. The big five factors to describe personality are: * EXTROVERSION * AGREEABLENESS * CONSCIENTIOUSNESS * EMOTIONAL STABILITY * OPENNESS TO EXPERIENCE SOME OF THE PERSONALITY TRAITS ARE: MOTIVATION: IT CAN BE DESC RIBED AS THE PROCESSES THAT ACCOUNTS FOR AN INDIVIDUAL’S INTENSITY, DIRECTION AND PERSISTENCE OF EFFORT TOWARDS ATTAINING A GOAL. Need theories, Goal setting theory, Reinforcement theory, Equity theory and Expectancy theory are some of the motivation theories. ANALYSIS: Examples for the following concepts: 1] ATTITUDE – Incidence is about our neighbour Mrs Kumar, she was looking for a new position as an administrative assistant in her company HCL, she was initially reluctant to learn a new computer program as she could not relate her much with latest technology, but knew that would improve her skills and therefore help her get a better job with better pay. One day she decided to reverse that viewpoint and decided to learn a spreadsheet software program; one that she rarely used in any previous job position. That knowledge could possibly be one of a number of software programs that could aid her in a potential admin position. Within a few hours after learning the program, her boss asked her if she would take up the challenge of the new post vacated in her company sometime back, she agreed and got a new job. Not only that, but the job position involved made extensive use of the very spreadsheet program she had learned sometime before. The effort by Mrs Kumar to learn made her overcome her reluctance and embrace a possibility and opportunity helped trigger an event that led to immediate, startling, and positive life response in that precise domain where she made the change. It seems impossible, but that is precisely how life works. She happily narrated this incident to our family last month. It shows how positive attitude makes all the difference. Few steps that the management could have taken to change attitude of Mrs Kumar are: * Active Participation-Senior manager if would have encouraged Mrs kumar to actively discuss her ideas, suggestions and views about important issues related to organization, she would have been motivated to do better with more involvement. Working together gives a sort of assurance that work is valued by everyone. * Enhanced Communication- The importance of communication is understood only when we actually see the results effective communication brings with it. We need to communicate with the employees from time to time, hold meetings, discuss issues and deal with grievances to eradicate communication barriers. After this, we will understand exactly how to motivate the employees. * Appreciation Rewards -It is very important for the employer to get appreciated, if not reward, work that is properly, or at times exceptionally, done. 2] PERSONALITY: Mr Aman had joined the company Reliance India Ltd 2 months back. He was a young, talented and ambitious manager, handling sales in entire region. He was very determined to complete his sales target. Within a year. He got 3 promotions in the company. All accepted that he used aggressive tactics to climb up the ladder of success. His colleagues and subordinates started calling him insensitive and manipulative. He started having conflicts with managers of the other departments. His performance review showed him to be average in spite of him being dedicated, hardworking and productive. Finaly; he decided to quit the company. He thought of taking advice of his colleague who was also his close friend. His colleague explained him, that he is having all the conflicts because his personality is becoming negative due to very high obsession for success. Aman realized after the entire conversation that he was showing the typical traits of MACHIAVELLIANISM personality. Machiavellianian is person who has tendency to deceive and manipulate others for personal gain. The concept is named after Renaissance diplomat and writer Niccolo Machiavelli. Machiavellianism is the degree to which an individual is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance and believes that ends justify means. High Machs tend to take a more detached, calculating approach in their interaction with other people. In terms of Big Five personality traits, Machiavellians tend to be low on agreeableness and high in conscientiousness. Low Machs tend to take a more personal, empathic approach in their interaction with other people. They tend to be more trusting of others and more honest. They believe humans are essentially good natured. At the extreme, low Machs tend to be passive, submissive, highly agreeable, dependent and socially inept; in contrast with those who are more Machiavellian, they also tend to believe that everyone has a good and bad side. For Mr Aman following steps could have been taken: * Allotment of work according to personality type, best suitable for him. In case of Aman job profile requiring aggressive sales dealing would be most suitable. Motivation by the management about handling conflicting situations by such personality workers. * Conducting employees psychometric and personality tests in the organizations and providing them proper counselling and guidance. 3] MOTIVATION: Mr Talwar who had been working for company Accenture as a consultant for last 2 years was earning a handsome salary o f 2 Lks per month. He is considered to be hardworking and productive employee . However, his colleagues always find him to be dissatisfied and irritated. His juniors always complain about his short tempered nature and over aggressiveness in his speech. After 3 months new Vice Chancellor joins the organization. After going through the performance review and scores of Mr Talwar he decided to meet him and tried to find reasons for his job dissatisfaction. The reason was huge financial loans on Mr Talwar which was making him dissatisfied with his current salary. After discussing the matter with other board of directors and reviewing the annual work performance of Mr Talwar, senior management decided to give him salary appraisal. This motivated Mr Talwar to perform better and gave him job satisfaction. Ways which could have been used to motivate the employee’s productivity: * Guide employees about Organization Culture This is one of the classical motivational methods for employees of a company where organizational behaviour practices have been launched. The business owner and the employees are enforced to think at factors like how the practices would improve the standing of the company in the industry, how the practices will enable to company to boost sales etc. Employee’s suggestions should be taken by senior management. This will not only motivate them to work better but would also increase employee’s loyalty towards company. Provide incentives and manage performanceEmployees should understand that the end of the day what counts for a company is how an employee has performed on productivity and quality. At the same time, discipline and ethics are some things which the company cannot forsake in lieu of productivity and quality. Top management should review the employees work periodically and provide them with additional bonuses and incentives. Also other rewards system could be included. * Reverse Motivation Not many companies have used this technique, but in some cases, this has proved to be a highly effective tool for motivating employees. As per Reverse Motivation, employees are motivated by telling them the consequences of them not implementing the Organizational Behaviour practices. The whole stream of Reverse Motivation works on a completely negative aspect of motivating the employees. CONCLUSION: From the above examples we can see how motivation, personality, attitude affects employees behaviour and functioning in an organization. It is very essential to understand the above factors which determine productivity of employees and achieving goals of the organization.

The Difference Between a Cation and an Anion

The Difference Between a Cation and an Anion Cations and anions are both ions. The difference between a cation and an anion is the net electrical charge of the ion. Ions are atoms or molecules which have gained or lost one or more valence electrons, giving the ion a net positive or negative charge. If the chemical species has more protons than electrons, it carries a net positive charge. If there are more electrons than protons, the species has a negative charge. The number of neutrons determines the isotope of an element  but does not affect the electrical charge. Cation Versus Anion Cations are ions with a net positive charge. Cation Examples: Silver: AgHydronium: H3OAmmonium: NH4 Anions are ions with a net negative charge. Anion Examples: Hydroxide anion: OH-Oxide anion: O2-Sulfate anion: SO42- Because they have opposite electrical charges, cations and anions are attracted to each other. Cations repel other cations and anions repel other anions. Predicting Cations and Anions Sometimes, you can predict whether an atom will form a cation or an anion based on its position on the periodic table. Alkali metals and alkaline earth metals always  form cations. Halogens always form anions. Most other nonmetals typically form anions (e.g. oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur), while most metals form cations (e.g. iron, gold, mercury). Writing Chemical Formulas When writing the formula of a compound, the cation is listed before the anion. For example, in NaCl, the sodium atom acts as the cation, while the chlorine atom acts as the anion. When writing cation or anion symbols, the element symbol(s) is listed first. The charge is written as a superscript following the chemical formula.

The Fine Art of Complaining Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Fine Art of Complaining - Assignment Example The reader feels that the author cares about the issues which confront the reader and is genuinely interested in providing solutions. Many of the tips given by Rego are so simple that one cannot help but wonder why one did not think of it earlier. This is the major strength of the essay. Rego gives practical pointers to solve everyday problems. These are difficulties almost every individual would have encountered. The ‘you’ could be anyone of us. The essay is very educative. Rego’s point that â€Å"Readers always notice a P.S.† is very insightful. The details about the Better Business Bureau and the existence of small-claims courts are particularly informative. Rego’s essay changes the reader’s perception about complaining. Complaining is not just about raising one’s voice. One becomes aware that it is a process which requires thought and will yield successful results if done in the correct way. What is the next step to be taken if Rego’s suggestions do not succeed in getting the compliant

Propaganda Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Propaganda - Essay Example Propaganda extends beyond the Machiavellian ‘black’ methods that are often implemented in wartime situations, and includes ‘white’ and ‘grey’ propaganda wherein overtly or subtly stated ideologies are advanced to achieve persuasive means. (Linebarger 1954). One such example of less devious, yet arguably a no less manipulative form of propaganda, is broadcast daily across American television sets – the nightly news. Indeed, recent video leaks of Dan Rather humorously spending five minutes to determine whether to leave his collar up or down for an outside broadcast and Katie Couric mocking then vice-presidential candidate Sarah Palin demonstrates both the high levels of aesthetic and ideological manipulation that go into producing the CBS Evening News (Shea 2008). While there are a diverse amount of tacit ideological assumptions that can be identified in both local and national news broadcasts, this essay examines the specific propaganda me chanisms advanced in the July 22nd, 2010 episode of the CBS Evening News News with Katie Couric. Viewers familiar with the CBS Evening News are aware that the show starts with a nightly overview of what will be included in the broadcasts. This specific episode indicates that the broadcast will include: the BP Oil Spill, the Shirley Sherrod incident, an examination of the immigration debate, and a piece on how researchers used twitter to determine the country’s mood. Already in this programming outline a number of ideological assumptions are readily present. While the news is mythologized as existing in an objective vacuum, where relevant content is reported to the public, it’s clear that the format is much more aligned with the dramatic principles required to draw and hold an audience. In this instance, the CBS Evening News includes the most somber, yet startling information first BP Oil Spill. It seems this ultimately has the effect of catching the viewer up on past o ccurrences; for instance, the daily reports on the minutest details of the BP Oil Spill come to represent a sort of daily drama for viewers, with continuity being made from past broadcasts. The plot twist for the night’s broadcast is that a potential storm may sidetrack the clean-up crews. While the information is presented as direct news, its hidden ideological assumptions are clearly that BP hasn’t done enough in aiding the coast, and now they are further failing as may be unable to accomplish their clean-up before the oncoming storm.

Internal and External Factors of Management Essay Example for Free

Internal and External Factors of Management Essay Introduction Businesses rely heavily on the four basic functions of management Planning, Organizing, Directing, and Controlling; however, the skilled management of internal and external factors will ultimately determine the longevity of the company. Management teams are measured on how quickly they can build a company over a short period. However, the real measure is how well a company can continue to grow. Company success is continually evolving as the world changes, making it difficult on management teams to adapt as internal and external forces mold new paths. Google is a prime example of a leading company who must constantly evaluate their business objectives to keep up with the changing technological landscape. Traditional business models use a top down approach may leave the company unable to change, as the business leader is unable to change. â€Å"It is noteworthy that neither Larry Page nor Sergei Brin, Googles founders, has proclaimed himself chief software architect, the badge Bill Gates wears at Microsoft† (Hamel, 2006) Instead the founders have designed a concept the makes every idea stand on its own merits. Internal and external factors such as Globalization, Technology, Innovation, Diversity, and Ethics carry large weight in management strategies and the method in which ideas are executed. Planning Planning is the first of the four management functions. Google manages to plan for their future by recognizing that planning requires research and development. Investing in new technologies takes time and money, and not every cent or minute can be dedicated to research without other sources for income. This is why Google invest in smaller companies to fund the evolution of change in the technological world. So even though the company’s overall growth may experience slow periods the overall income will continue to grow with the acquisition of these multiple smaller companies. Organizing Organizing is attracting people to the organization as well as assembling and coordinating the human, financial, physical, informational, and other resources needed to achieve goals. â€Å"Google is famously elitist when it comes to hiring. It understands that companies begin to slide into mediocrity when they start to hire mediocre people. Googles grueling hiring process, akin to a Mensa test, values nonconformity nearly as highly as genius.† (Hamel,  2006) Google also allows their employees 20% creative time, which is off budget, and off project. This off shift time can attribute to some of Google’s most profitable ideas and software implementation. Providing the creative outlet for the company’s highly creative employees has yielded great results and is part of Google’s overall planning model. Hamel, G. (2006, Apr 27). Management a la google. The Wall Street Journal Asia. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/315425991?accountid=35812 The ultimate test of any management team is not how fast it can grow its company in the short-term, but how consistently it can grow it over the long-term. In a world where change is relentless and seditious, this demands a capacity for rapid strategic adaptation. In many cases, companies havent been changing as fast as the world around them.What the laggards have failed to grasp is that what matters most today is not a companys competitive advantage at a point in time, but its evolutionary advantage over time. [Google] gets this. While Googles growth will inevitably slow, theres a good chance that its revenues will arc upward for years. Why? Because its novel management system seems to have been designed to guard against the risk factors that so often erode an organizations evolutionary potential: When power is concentrated at the top, a tradition-bound executive team can hold a companys capacity to change hostage to its own ability to adapt. Thats why it usually takes a financial meltdown and leadership change to set a company on a new course. It is noteworthy that neither Larry Page nor Sergei Brin, Googles founders, has proclaimed himself chief software architect, the badge Bill Gates wears at Microsoft. Rather than assume theyre infallible seers with a divine right to dictate Googles next strategy and the one after that, Messrs. Page and Brin have created a Darwinian environment in which every idea must compete on its merits, not on the grandeur of its sponsors title. Google understands that even as its ramping up todays business model, it has to be buying options on the future by creating a lot of little Googlettes. Evolution demands a lot of new experiments; but experimentation takes time and money, scarce commodities when every hour of time and every dollar of capital have already been  allocated to some mission critical project. Thats why every Google developer can spend up to 20% of his time working on off-budget, out-of-scope projects. This time is more than a perk; its Googles seed corn for the future. The payoff? In one recent period, more than half of Googles newly launched products could trace their origins to a 20% project. You have requested on-the-fly machine translation of selected content from our databases. This functionality is provided solely for your convenience and is in no way intended to replace human translation. Show full disclaimer Neither ProQuest nor its licensors make any representations or warranties with respect to the translations. The translations are automatically generated AS IS and AS AVAILABLE and are not retained in our systems. PROQUEST AND ITS LICENSORS SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM ANY AND ALL EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTIES FOR AVAILABILITY, ACCURACY, TIMELINESS, COMPLETENESS, NON-INFRINGMENT, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Your use of the translations is subject to all use restrictions contained in your Electronic Products License Agreement and by using the translation functionality you agree to forgo any and all claims against ProQuest or its licensors for your use of the translation functionality and any output derived there from. Hide full disclaimer Translations powered by LEC. Translations powered by LEC.

Liberal, Conservative, and Socialist Ideals vs. Feminism before the 20th Century :: Sociology Sociological Women Paperes

Liberal, Conservative, and Socialist Ideals vs. Feminism before the 20th Century Tales from the beyond, story one: a parent binds his baby girl's feet in China, so it will not grow more than five to six inches because small feet in women are a sign of elegance; story two: a wife is burned alive in India, so she can accompany her husband in death. Are these stories? No, things like this really happened in the past. They are part of the reason that contributed to the birth of the Women's Movement in the 19th century. This movement was also known as the Feminist movement because its foundation came from feminism, an ideology that developed in the 19th century, and whose main goal was to gain equality for women. The goals of the Women's Movement in the 19th century where: to get the vote, to archive equality in property rights, access to education, access to jobs and fair pay, divorce, and children's custody. These ideals had been around for a while, but the 19th century was the perfect time for them to develop. During the 19th century, nations were going throu gh radical changes; countries were adopting new ways of life based mainly of one of three ideologies: liberalism, conservatism, and socialism. The development of one of these ideologies, and the success of feminism in a country went hand in hand, and it is by analyzing the similarities, and differences between feminism, and each of these ideologies that we can see why feminism was most successful in liberal countries. Moral, political, and social are the three cores of liberalism, and the ideas in each core have a very similar resemblance to the ideas the feminist movement was trying to promote in the 19th century. Liberals believe that individuals had the right to personal liberties, which included the freedom to think, talk, and worship. Feminist believe women had the right to think, to have an opinion different from that of their husband, or fathers. The faith in total freedom, and equality for the individual that liberals, and feminist shared came from their faith in education. Their theory was that if individuals were educated, then they could be trusted to make the right decisions, decisions which would then in return helped make a better society. Adam Smith, writer of "The Wealth of Nations" considered the bible of liberal economics, believed in that theory, he expressed that "each person,.

Canadian literature Essay

The very popular Canadian literature, The Lamp at Noon by Sinclair Ross, simply mirrors the reality scenario of couple or to any people who lacks of understanding and communication that oftentimes lead to tragic and unresolved problems. There are many factors to figure out the root in defining one’s role in society, such as the time period, the beliefs one holds, the setting in which one domesticates their life and more. Just like in the story, the time and the setting that the story takes place define the roles that the characters take on in the stories, and become central to the conflicts in many of the various relationships. The man in the story set up emotional barriers that the woman dare not overstep, in order to retain woman’s position as the simple housewife. The conflicts between the partners in the various relationships seem to suggest author’s view to the roles defined by society for men and women. To further understand and appreciate the story; the elements are dissected from characters, plot, theme, setting and to point of views. The imagery in the story is developed in non-human elements such as the natural environment, animals, and inanimate objects which are brought to life with characteristics that match those of the characters involved. These influence and reflect the emotions of the characters in the story The Lamp at Noon. The wind is a powerful force that changes with the emotions of Ellen and Paul. Sinclair describes the wind as two separate winds: â€Å"the wind in flight and the wind that pursues, Ellen cannot escape her isolation. The wind in flight always returns to â€Å"quake among the feeble eaves, as if in this entire dust-mad wilderness it knew no other sanctuary† . Ellen is also forced to seek refuge within her small home, which is also the place where she feels the most secluded; the wind outside often contrasts the silence that is encased inside. During an argument between Paul and Ellen, there is an uncomfortable silence as described â€Å"a deep fastness of it enclosed by rushing wind and creaking walls â€Å"This noise around them makes the silence within even more uncomfortable. Paul later finds the silence comforting when he is in the stable. It is described as a â€Å"deep hollow calm within, a vast darkness engulfed beneath the tides of moaning wind†. The silence protects him and brings him relief from the dangerous world outside. Unfortunately, the walls seem to weaken against the powerful wind, and â€Å"instead of release or escape from the assaulting wind, the walls are but a feeble stand against it†. Paul begins to understand what Ellen is feeling, and the wind screams like Ellen’s cries. As he thinks of ways to restore the land and make Ellen happy, the wind starts to slacken. For a short moment, he feels relief. When he returns to the house, he realizes that Ellen is gone. At this point, the wind whimpers and moans as if it knows Ellen’s isolation and Paul’s despair. The imagery of the wind is used by Sinclair to intensify the characters’ emotions and help the reader understand what the characters are experiencing. The lamp is another significant image in this story because it shows that this particular storm is different from the countless others. The act of lighting the lamp at noon tells that this storm is serious. Paul calls it â€Å"the worst wind yet† and says that he â€Å"had to light the lantern in the shed, too â€Å"The lamp also sets the mood between Ellen and Paul and gives us insight into their characters. â€Å"The lamp between them throws strong lights and shadows on their faces†. They look at the appearance of age that these lights and shadows emphasize in both of them. Paul’s effacement of youth gives him â€Å"sternness, an impassive courage†. He is content because the cost of his youth is worth â€Å"the fulfillment of his inmost and essential nature†. Ellen, however, has not gained anything in return for the cost of her youth. She has â€Å"the face of a woman that has aged without maturing† in the way that Paul has matured. The lamp creates tension between them during their argument. â€Å"It seems the yellow lamplight casts a hush upon them†. The light of the lamp causes the walls to recede, dim and come again, as a parallel to their continuing argument that keeps returning after never being fully resolved. When Paul returns to the house to find Ellen missing, he notices that the lamp has been blown out. The blown-out lamp signifies the death of the child and the end of their dreams for the future. The child was gone and so their future. The story anchors the theme of loneliness, isolation and survival. It particularly focuses on the insanity of the character of Ellen and the reasons for her becoming insane during the story. The relationship between Ellen and Paul plays out another story, that of the poor man who marries a rich wife. The chip on his shoulder and foolish pride prevent him from listening to his wife and acknowledging when it is time to change, to move on, and to put aside his pride to save his marriage and family. Ellen is the traditional wife, needing her husband, but locked in the rules of marriage and staying at the farm even though she knows she should leave to save her baby. Yet she stays and the baby dies. The guilt and shame of that decision and the isolation ultimately cause her insanity. † â€Å"The Lamp at Noon† would almost be classified as a suspense story, due to the factor of whether or not the crops will return. Also an unquestionably melodramatic tone, when the wife, Ellen, realizes having hope in her husband would be worthless. Ellen also realizes that, with or without her husband, Paul, she is doomed to suffering. Especially in the quarrel in the house, feelings of hopelessness and emptiness surround the ill-fated couple. These are the feelings that surrounded many farm families in the depression, so it is quite believable that this farm couple would be going through this turmoil. Paul, the husband, attempts to convince his wife that there is hope for him yet, although one could make the argument that he was lying to himself. He wants to assure his wife, as well as convince himself. It is the feeling of desperation and bleakness that intermingles with the words to create an accurate picture of the pairs’ lives. The depression was an era of plaintive indignation and somber discontent. Throughout Sinclair Ross’s story, she has explored and made believable to relate the fact setting in our society-the common situations; passages of empty dreams and hopelessness made it real. The credibility was in the character’s words and the nature of the relationship between the family and the farm. The family, in all aspects of life, is in a never-ending cycle of empty dreams and promises. This exists only for the far-off chance they may be rescued from their lives. The pair have little things to make themselves happy, spending their time arguing over who has it worse. And so, communication is really the key to eliminate chaos. Cited Works: Lesk, Andrew. â€Å"The Lamp at Noon and Other Stories†. The Literary Encyclopedia. 15 June 2005. â€Å"The use of setting and atmosphere in The Lamp at Noon, Sinclair Ross† Justin Jusilla. 2008.

Native American Storytelling Lit Paper

Native American Storytelling November 12, 2012 ENG/301 Native American Storytelling Native American literature is the root of cultural storytelling, which is told through oral tradition, this consist of stories and songs verbally. Native American literature use literary conventions in the root of myth and symbolic examples in storytelling. The book â€Å"Native American Literature: A Brief Introduction and Anthology† gives good insight into the Native American ways of life and how storytelling is a part of that life.Short stories by Simon Oritz and Luther Standing Bear share life experience and cultural diversity. The reader can see how historical, social and political, and cultural ways play a role in the Native Americans storytelling. Storytelling is important in Native American literature. It began through â€Å"†¦both oral performances and in the imagination of written narratives, cannot be discovered in reductive social science translations or altogether understood in historical constructions of culture in one common name† (Vizenor, 1995, p. 1).Storytelling is the verbal source of stories; a well told story takes its reader on a quest or journey and well descriptive. â€Å"The metaphors in oral stories are mundane, abstruse, mysterious, unnamable, and more, but few collections in translation reveal the rich context of the songs and stories† (Vizenor, 1995, p. 7). Native American culture uses stories and songs to entertain as well as a way to teach the youth and inspire. Storytelling is an important tool in the Native American society. Storytelling is how Native Americans passed down the history, heritage, and traditions of their culture. Tragic wisdom is the source of native reason, the common sense gained from the adverse experience of discovery, colonialism, and culture domination† (Vizenor, 1995, p. 6). Native American literature use different types of literary conventions in storytelling traditions. According to Sinnaeve (2012) website, the Native American literary conventions are trickster, death, creation myths, and spiritual relationship to the land. â€Å"The trickster is an important literary and critical presence in contemporary Native American studies† (Cox, 2005, p. 252). Tricksters come in many forms â€Å"such as Raven, Spider and Coyote are haracters in Native American mythology who represent the underside of human nature† (Sinnaeve, 2012). â€Å"In this literary critical context, a trickster uses sleight of hand and tongue to evade, manipulate, and subvert the colonial world† (Cox, 2005, p. 252). In the poem â€Å"My Father’s Song† written by Simon Ortiz, the poem speaks of the importance of creation. The creation of life, land, and plantation, the story is about a boy who is learning to planet corn. â€Å"We planted corn one spring at Acu – we planted several times but this one particular time I remember the soft damp sand in my hand† (O rtiz, 1981/1995, p. 260).Within the field the boy and his father found a nest of mice, the father showed the boy how to gentle pick them up, and take them to the end â€Å"of the field and put them in the shade† (Ortiz, 1981/1995, p. 260). The purpose of literary conventions in storytelling helps to educate the new generation, â€Å"These stories have been carried down orally for generations, often by parents teaching their children about fundamental cultural truths† (Sinnaeve, 2012). The Native American people went through many changes throughout history, social and political, and cultural events. A social and political event was the education of young Native Americans.In 1879, many Native American children were put into the United States Government schools, to teach the youth of the White man’s ways and language. In the story â€Å"My People, the Sioux,† written by Luther Standing Bear, one learns of the hardship the children had to go through. â€Å"I t is my desire that all people know the truth about the first Americans and their relations with the United States Government† (Bear, 1975/1996, p. 33). In this story Bear tells the reader how Native American schools began. A man name Captain Pratt though, to better the White people he should â€Å"†¦get some young Indians children and educate them† (Bear, 1975/1996, p. 4). The United States government approved the education of Native American children. Captain Pratt was not prepared to start school, â€Å"He brought some of the Indian prisoners from Virginia with him, and they remained in the Carlisle Barracks until Captain Pratt could go to Dakota and return with his first consignment of ‘scholars’† (Bear, 1975/1996, p. 34). When the young Native Americans first arrived they had to sleep on the cold hard floor, later on they were given bags to fill up with straw to sleep on, but the children had to fill them up themselves.The children only had the blankets they brought from home. For breakfast the children had bread and water, and lunch meat, bread, and coffee. The children were all renamed with a white man’s name, but they were not taught how to pronounce the names. The author, Bear, was one of the first Native American boys to learn his name; in the story the reader can see how proud he was of his accomplishment. The children had their haircut as a White man’s haircut and soon after wore clothing as the White man. Bear and his cousin, although, bought White man’s clothes with the money their parents sent them.The Native American children choose a religion for themselves then attended Sunday school for those religions. â€Å"I did these duties all the time I was at Carlisle School, so in the early part of 1880, although I was a young boy of but twelve, I was busy learning everything my instructors handed me† (Bear, 1975/1996, p. 44). The root of storytelling is through the Native American cul ture. Storytelling takes the reader or listener on a journey of the culture and life experience of the people within the culture. Native Americans use literary convention, such as trickster, death, creation myths, etc. to create more allusion.It gives the story more purpose by teaching the reader through the story of the trickster character. Storytelling shares life experience, such as learning to read and write in Bear story â€Å"My People, the Sioux. † Although the reader can see how the White man treated the Native American children a bit harshly, the Native American children overcame it and received an education out of the experience. Native Americans use storytelling for different events and ways of life, such as pass down and education on the cultural history, traditions, knowledge, cares wisdom, morals, and lessons. Reference Bear, L. (1995). My People, the Sioux. In G.Vizenor (Eds) Native American literature. A brief introduction and anthology. New York, NY: Addison- Wesley. (Original works published in 1975) Bridges, K. (2011). South Ark: South Arkansas Community College. Retrieved from http://www. southark. edu/index. php/dr-ken-bridges/1392-united-states-since-1876 Cox, J. H. (2005). Living Sideways: Tricksters in American Indian Oral Traditions. Melus, 30(2), 252. Oritz, S. (1995). My Father’s Song. In G. Vizenor (Eds) Native American literature. A brief introduction and anthology. New York, NY: Addison-Wesley. (Original works published in 1981) Sinnaeve, V. (2012). Wise Geek. Retrieved from

Theoretical Understanding and Practical Applications of Marketing

Theoretical Understanding and Practical Applications of Marketing Introduction Marketing is an important organisational function that aims at informing potential consumers about the value of products and services. Strategic marketing requires the application of a successive marketing mix, which results in excellent sales of products of a business establishment (Kotler 2011; Menkveld 2013).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Theoretical Understanding and Practical Applications of Marketing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Improved product sales correlate positively with improved financial performance outcomes of companies. The marketing mix is a marketing approach that seeks to promote the sales of products based on key elements like segmentation, positioning and targeting (Kotler 2011). This paper discusses the theoretical frameworks and practical applications of segmentation, positioning and targeting in the context of a marketing mix designed for products in the fashion for women in dustry. Segmentation From a theoretical standpoint, segmentation is a marketing strategy that focuses on dividing product markets on the premises of some attributes associated with targeted customers (Weinstein 2013). Such customers should have common priorities. In theory, market segmentation could adopt product differentiation or holistic approaches that aim at improving consumer knowledge about products or services of a business organisation (Weinstein 2013). In order for the market to be divided based on consumer attributes, marketers should analyse essential data that could be used to give facts in the context of the targeted markets. The segmentation theory holds that a good market should be: Measurable. Large. Supportive with regard to promotion and distribution of products Homogenous with regard to internal characteristics, which imply that customers in specific market segments should have similar behaviours towards products. Characterised by external heterogeneity that imp lies that consumers outside a segment should have different customer needs. Practical applications of the segmentation model would involve dividing the targeted market based on a number of factors (Weinstein 2013).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More First, the women’s fashion industry would be divided on the premises of geographic criteria (Fiore, Lee Kunz 2004). The criteria could involve regions, countries and postal codes, among others. An excellent segmentation should be practically utilised to identify the attributes of customers based on their locations (Fiore et al 2004). Second, it would be important to divide the market on the premises of the ages, ethnicities and levels of income. Research shows that customers in different groups have different purchasing behaviours (Weinstein 2013). For example, older women would tend to buy different fashion produ cts from those preferred by younger women (Fiore et al 2004). In addition, the potential of the market to produce good sales would be determined by the income levels of potential customers. Third, lifestyle segmentation of markets would be practically determined through the study of customer activities and opinions with regard to womens fashion products. For example, the analysis could consider how women spend their leisure and their opinions about certain products. Thus, the practical application of lifestyle segmentation would classify customers based on their personal attributes such as activities and preferences (Weinstein 2013). From a personal standpoint, segmentation of markets is an essential approach that could be utilised to identify the right market segments that could support excellent sales of womens fashion products.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Theoretical Understanding and Practical Applications of Marketing specifically for you for onl y $16.05 $11/page Learn More Targeting Targeting in a marketing strategy is a crucial component of a marketing strategy, which focuses on directing efforts towards specific market targets (Aktas, Kaya Ãâ€"zlale 2010). Targeting in a marketing mix is supported by the theory that customers are distinguishable by specific characteristics in the market (Weinstein 2013). Theoretically, targeting markets is based on the following parameters: Socioeconomic factors such as occupation, level of education and level of income. Customer behavioural factors such as events and degrees of loyalty with regard to the products and services offered by business establishments. Psychographic attributes such as values and lifestyles. Product-based factors such as opinions about a product. The practical application of targeting with regard to the products in the women fashion industry would adopt several approaches (Weinstein 2013). First, marketers of fashion products could choose to ignore various market segments and focus on the whole market with the goal of achieving excellent sales outcomes through the art of persuasion. Second, differentiated marketing strategy could be used to market womens fashion products, which would be focused on specific market segments. From a personal point of view, this strategy of targeting a market aims at achieving good results from multiple segments. Third, marketers promoting womens fashion items could adopt direct marketing, which focuses on very specific market segments that are identified through the analysis of the data in consumer databases (Christopher, Payne Ballantyne 2013). For example, the approach could be utilised to identify segments that could have the best sales with regard to beauty items such as perfumes.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Practically, market targeting would be achieved through the application of the following five processes: Selection of the target audience. Consumers could be categorised on the basis of their similar needs and expected benefits with regard to specific products. Identification of subgroups of customers based on attributes such as lifestyles, spending behaviours and demographics. Application of valuation approaches. The valuation strategies would help to learn about market growth trends, market accessibility, barriers to entry, and levels of switching, among others. Testing the identified market targets. All targets are assessed to determine their levels of attractiveness about the strategic positioning of products. All other factors kept constant, the segments that have the highest levels of attractiveness would be selected. Modification of the marketing mix. This step requires that all elements the marketing mix be considered in order to conduct a holistic assessment about the stra tegic positioning of products. Thus, it has been demonstrated that targeting of markets is a crucial component of the marketing mix that could result in the identification of customer clusters, which could lead to a gain of a significant share by business organisations specialising in womens fashion products. Positioning Positioning involves identification of market opportunities and the establishment of approaches that could be used to occupy market niches. Theoretically, positioning is based on the utilisation of the principles of the marketing mix, which include the use of efficient ways of promoting, pricing, distributing, and competing with regard to products. It has been argued that positioning could be used to establish a unique impression in the consumers mind about a product (Mykletun, Crotts Mykletun 2001). If a consumer has good opinions about a product, then he or she could be purchasing the product. Mykletun and colleagues (2001) assert that the goal of product positi oning in the market is to occupy segments that could generate excellent revenues. In order to succeed, the product should be characterised by a positioning concept, which would enable it to outdo the performance of similar products in a competitive market. The positioning should analyse the benefits of a product to consumers (Uysal, Chen Williams 2000). Thus, it focuses on the emotional benefits that customers could have through purchasing such a product. Theoretically, a positioning concept leads to the development of a positioning statement that helps to articulate the target market with regard to customer needs. Positioning could be used by business organisations that focus on differentiation to outdo their competitors. For example, a firm that deals with women’s fashion products could concentrate on offering the least expensive products in the market (Chen Uysal 2002; Uysal et al 2000). With regard to the practical application of positioning to establish a good market f or womens fashion products, the marketing team would focus on reviewing theoretical approaches that focus on strategic positioning of products in the market. Practical application of positioning would involve the following: Identification of a products competitors and understanding the targeted market with regard to customer purchasing behaviour. Identification of market dimensions that could define the extent to which product would be sold in the market. Gathering the right market data about customers through sampling techniques. Assessing the level of a product’s space. Determining the combination of market characteristics that could lead to an excellent positioning of the product. Establishing a link between the goods and the targeted market. Practically, the positioning of womens fashion products would focus on two concepts. First, it would adopt functional positions, which would aim at offering women fashion products that would be of many benefits to them. Second, symb olic positions with regard to womens fashion products would be established to focus on ego identification and self-images of potential female customers. Conclusion In conclusion, positioning of the women’s fashion products would greatly improve the chances of excellent revenues of the company. The adoption of the right approaches for product positioning would enable the company to identify product niches in the market. Targeting, positioning and segmentation are essential aspects that should be analysed in order to achieve a successful marketing mix. A marketing mix would be utilised to help firms gain competitive advantage. References Aktas, Z, Kaya, N, Ãâ€"zlale, ÃÅ", 2010, ‘Coordination between monetary policy and fiscal policy for an inflation targeting emerging market’, Journal of International Money and Finance, vol. 29, no. 1, pp. 123-138. Chen, JS, Uysal, M, 2002, ‘Market positioning analysis: A hybrid approach’, Annals of Tourism Researc h, vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 987-1003. Christopher, M, Payne, A, Ballantyne, D, 2013, Relationship marketing. Routledge, London, United Kingdom. Fiore, AM, Lee, SE, Kunz, G, 2004, ‘Individual differences, motivations, and willingness to use a mass customization option for fashion products’, European Journal of Marketing, vol. 38, no. 7, pp. 835-849. Kotler, P, 2011, ‘Reinventing marketing to manage the environmental imperative’, Journal of Marketing, vol. 75, no. 4, pp. 132-135. Menkveld, AJ, 2013, ‘High frequency trading and the new market makers, Journal of Financial Markets, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 712-740. Mykletun, RJ, Crotts, JC, Mykletun, A, 2001, ‘Positioning an island destination in the peripheral area of the Baltics: a flexible approach to market segmentation’, Tourism Management, vol. 22, no. 5, pp. 493-500. Uysal, M, Chen, JS, Williams, DR, 2000, ‘Increasing state market share through a regional positioning’, Tourism Ma nagement, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 89-96. Weinstein, A, 2013, Handbook of market segmentation: Strategic targeting for business and technology firms, Routledge, London, United Kingdom.

Branches of Philosophy

Most academic subjects have a philosophy, for example the philosophy of science, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of logic, the philosophy of law, and the philosophy of history. In addition, a range of academic subjects have emerged to deal with areas which would have historically been the subject of philosophy. These include psychology, anthropology and science. [edit] Western philosophy Main article: Western philosophy [edit] History Main article: History of Western philosophy The introduction of the terms philosopher and philosophy has been ascribed to the Greek thinker Pythagoras (see Diogenes Laertius: De vita et moribus philosophorum, I, 12; Cicero: Tusculanae disputationes, V, 8-9). The ascription is based on a passage in a lost work of Herakleides Pontikos, a disciple of Aristotle. It is considered to be part of the widespread legends of Pythagoras of this time. Philosopher replaced the word sophist (from sophoi), which was used to describe wise men, teachers of rhetoric, who were important in Athenian democracy. The history of philosophy is customarily divided into six periods: Ancient philosophy, Medieval philosophy, Renaissance philosophy, Early and Late Modern philosophy and Contemporary philosophy. [edit] Ancient philosophy (c. 600 B. C. –c. A. D. 500) |[pic] |Constructs such as ibid. , op. cit. and loc. cit. are discouraged by Wikipedias style guide for footnotes as they are | | |easily broken. Please improve this article by replacing them with named references (quick guide), or an abbreviated | | |title. | [pic] [pic] Aristotle Main article: Ancient philosophy [pic] [pic] Plato Ancient philosophy is the philosophy of the Graeco-Roman world from the sixth century [circa 585] B. C. to the fourth century A. D. It is usually divided into three periods: the pre-Socratic period, the periods of Plato and Aristotle, and the post-Aristotelian (or Hellenistic) period. Sometimes a fourth period is added that includes the Christian and Neo-Platonist philosophers. The most important of the ancient philosophers (in terms of subsequent influence) are Plato and Aristotle[7]. The themes of ancient philosophy are: understanding the fundamental causes and principles of the universe; explaining it in an economical and uniform way; the epistemological problem of reconciling the diversity and change of the natural universe, with the possibility of obtaining fixed and certain knowledge about it; questions about things which cannot be perceived by the senses, such as numbers, elements, universals, and gods; the analysis of patterns of reasoning and argument; the nature of the good life and the importance of understanding and knowledge in order to pursue it; the explication of the concept of justice, and its relation to various political systems[8]. In this period the crucial features of the philosophical method were established: a critical approach to received or established views, and the appeal to reason and argumentation. [pic] [pic] St. Thomas Aquinas [edit] Medieval philosophy (c. A. D. 500–c. 1350) Main article: Medieval philosophy Medieval philosophy is the philosophy of Western Europe and the Middle East during what is now known as the medieval era or the Middle Ages, roughly extending from the fall of the Roman Empire to the Renaissance. Medieval philosophy is defined partly by the rediscovery and further development of classical Greek and Hellenistic philosophy, and partly by the need to address theological problems and to integrate sacred doctrine (in Islam, Judaism and Christianity) with secular learning. Some problems discussed throughout this period are the relation of faith to reason, the existence and unity of God, the object of theology and metaphysics, the problems of knowledge, of universals, and of individuation.

Debriefing Report for VoIP2.biz, Inc Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Debriefing Report for VoIP2.biz, Inc - Essay Example The voice communication often remained on the plain Old Telephone Service (POTS).In business market, voice communication is still important to the business and remained 10 to 20 times the size of internet communication. Most business spends money every month on the legacy telephony technology. The company should therefore have some POTS for these businesses. They can also switch some of the many POTS to VolP services.Ordinarilly, the market for VolP typically measured in terms of how many POTS lines are available. VolP should allow the integration of organizations many locations including the remote workers into a single communication costs and expand functionality by combining voice and data into one network and by bringing advanced features that are not currently available to most small and midsize business customers. They need to replace all the POTS Telephone circuits with internet connections and utilize open source voice applications and commodity intercircuits.Smaller versions of PBX systems should be introduced to manage voice communication and optimizing the utilization of carrier services, reducing company monthly expenses. The company should also utilize HSC services such as DSC to reduce costs by outsourcing central engineering and equipment